PROCENA MENTALNOG STANJA ZA TAKMIČENJE VRHUNSKIH SPORTISTA U INDIVIDUALNOM I KOLEKTIVNOM SPORTU

Volume 9, Issue 2 (2019)

MARIJANA MLADENOVIĆ

Apstrakt:

Psihičko stanje pred takmičenje važna je komponenta sportskog ishoda. U odnosu na tip sporta, rezultati istraživanja predtakmičarskih stanja, razlikuju se u zavisnosti od primenjene metodologije. Cilj ovog rada bio je da utvrdi psihička stanja za takmičenje vrhunskih sportista iz jednog individualnog sporta (streljaštvo) i jednog kolektivnog sporta (rukomet). U istraživanju je učestvovao 41 vrhunski sportista, oba pola (11 muškaraca i 30 žena), starosti 16 do 34 godine, koji su bili članovi seniorske streljačke (N1=24) i rukometne (N2=17) reprezentacije Srbije. Primenjeni instrumenti bili su CSAI-2 i metod asocijacije bojama (CA). Podaci su obrađeni deskriptivnom statistikom i analizom varijanse. Rezultati pokazuju da postoje značajne

razlike između sportista u individualnom i kolektivnom sportu, koji idu u prilog sportistima iz kolektivnog sporta. Vrhunski strelci značajnije su kognitivno anksiozni, više podložni psihičkom doživljaju bola, straha i oslanjanju na navike i automatizam na takmičenju. Vrhunski sportisti u rukometu pokazali su značajno više vrednosti na merama poželjnog psihičkog stanja za trening i takmičenje.

Ključne riječi:

psihološka procena, vrhunski sport, takmičenje, CA metod, CSAI-2

Puni tekst:

PDF

DOI:

http://dx.doi.org/

Reference:

Allie, J., Larson, A. & DeBeliso, M. (2018). Levels of anxiety: Practice vs. competition in NCAA Division I North American football players. International Journal of Sports Science, 8 (4), 118-123.
Boone, E.M. & Leadbeater, B.J. (2006). Game on: diminishing risks for depressive symptoms in early adolescence through positive involvement in team sports. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 16 (1), 137-145.
Damasio, A. (2010). Self comes to mind. NY: Pantheon books.
Damasio, A. & Carvalho, G.B. (2013). The nature of feelings: Evolutionary and neurobiological origins. Nature reviews. Neuroscience 14 (2): 143–52.
Han, D. H., Kim, J. H., Lee, Y. S., Bae, S. J., Bae, S. J., Kim, H. J., Sim, M. Y., Sung, Y.H. & Lyoo, I.K. (2006). Infl uence Of Temperament And Anxiety On Athletic Performance. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 5 (3), 381–389.
Hanin, Y.L. (1997). Emotions and athletic performance: Individual zones of optimal functioning model. In: Seiler, R. (Ed). European yearbook on sports psychology, FEPSAC, 1. 30-70.
Hanin, Y.L. (1999). Emotions in sport. Campaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Hanton, S., Neil, R. & Mellalieu, S.D., (2008). Recent Developments in competitive anxiety direction and competition stress research. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1 (1), 45-57.
Laborde, S., Guillen, F. & Mosley, E. (2016). Positive personality-trait-like individual differences in athletes fromindividual- and team sports and in non-athletes. Psychology of Sport and Exercise 26, 9-13.
Lüscher, M. (1971). Color test. NY: Simon & Shuster.
Martens, R.S., Burton, D., Vealy, R.S. (1990). Competitive anxiety in sport. Campaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Mladenovic, M. (2018). Mental resilience in elite sport. Invited lecture at SportMind Conference, Prague: Get Better Academy, October 4th.
Mladenović, M. (2016). Sportska motivacija. Beograd: Zadužbina Andrejević. [in Serbian]
Mladenović, M. (2015). Uloga metode asocijacija bojama u psihološkoj pripremi sportaša. 2. Međunarodni znanstveno-stručni simpozij psihologije sporta: S psihologijom sporta – bolje, brže, jače, više! 16.svibnja 2015. Zbornik radova. Zagreb: Kineziološki fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. 45-50. [in Serbian]
Mladenovic, M. & Trunic, N. (2015). Assessment of sportsman’s activation level by Color Association Method. 14th European congress on sport psychology – Theories and applications for Performance, Health and Humanity. Bern, Switzerland: 14-19. July. Pp. 375-376.
Nia, M.E. & Besharat, M.A. (2010). Comparasion of athletes’ personality characterictics in individual and team sports. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 808-812.
Nixdorf, I., Frank, R. & Backmann, J. (2016). Comparasion of athletes’ proneness to depressive symptom in individual and team sports: research on psychological mediators in junior elite athletes. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 893. 1-8.
Pluhar, E., McCracken, C., Griffi t, K.L., Christino, M.A., Sugimoto, D. & Meehan III, W.P. (2019). Team sport athletes may be less likely to suffer anxiety or depression than individual sport athletes. Journal of Sport Science and Medicine, 18, 490-496.
Radzi, J.A., Yusof, S.M. & Zakaria, A.A. (2013). Pre-competition anxiety levels in individual and team sports athletes. Malayisa: International Conference on Social Science Research, June 4-5.
Raglin, J.S. (1992). Anxiety and sport performance. Exercise and Sport Science Review, 20, 243-274.
Sanioglu, A., Ulker, M. & Sanioglu Tanis, Z. (2017). The effect of trait anxiety on success in individual athletes. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 19 (2), 289-295.
Simonek, J. Bohonek, R. & Simonek, J. (2012). Validity and assessment-interventional system Colors of life and color association method. Ostrava: DAP Services.
Spielberger, C.D., Gorsuch, R.L., Lushene, R.E., Vagg, P.R. & Jacobs, G.A. (1983). Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory STAI (form Y) Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologist Press.
Singg, S. & Whiddon, T. L. (2000). Relationship between preference for red and locus of control. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 91(1). 84-86.
Stone, N. J. (2003). Environmental view and color for a simulated telemarketing task. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 23. 63-78.
Weinberg, R.S. & Gould, D. (1999). Foundations of Sport and Exercise Psychology. Campaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Wilson, G.S, Raglin, J.S. & Harger, G.J. (2000). A comparison of the STAI and CSAI-2 in fi ve-day recalls of precompetition anxiety in collegiate track and fi eld athletes. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 10. 51-54.
Woodman, T. & Hardy, L. (2003). The relative impact of cognitive anxiety and self-confi dence upon sport performance: a meta-analysis. Journal of Sport Science, 21, 443-457.