Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference Improvement Via Tabata Workout: A 10-Week Repetition Program

Volume 13, Issue 2 (2023)

Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference Improvement Via Tabata Workout: A 10-Week Repetition Program
Jumel Miller, Joseph Lobo, Jennifer De Jesus, Rafael Celso, Jonar Martin, Michael Santos, Jeronie Baltazar, Sharon Baltazar, Edi Setiawan
Apstrakt: 

Published scholarly works have accentuated the eff ectiveness of the TABATA workout for college students.
However, no studies were conducted on college students in the context of higher education institutions in the Philippines.
Ergo, this study aimed to assess the eff ectiveness of the TABATA workout for college students. Lastly, it aimed to investigate
if such a method may help to improve participants’ Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference. This investigation
employed an experimental approach to assessing the eff ectiveness of TABATA training for college students. Moreover,
students underwent a 10-week-long workout in repetition. The fi rst part is focused on collecting participants’ demographic
characteristics such as sex, age, BMI (pre- and post-test), and WC (pre- and post-test). In the second part, the Physical
Activity Readiness Questionnaire was used. Paired samples t-test was also used to determine the signifi cant variance after
10-weeks based on participants’ BMI and WC scores After the 10-week exercise performed by the participants in general,
it was found that there is a reduction and improvement on participants’ BMI. Additionally, an improvement in participants’
WC. However, based on sex, no signifi cant variance in males’ BMI. Fascinatingly, an improvement was observed in the WC
of both sexes. Based on the fi ndings, participating in the TABATA program is eff ective and may partially improve students’
BMI and enhance WC. This study did not take into account other factors which may also aff ect the result of this study.
Therefore, comparable experiments may be conducted while taking into account other variables aforementioned to this
study’s limitation.

Ključne riječi: 
Body Mass Index, College students, HIIT, Tabata Workout Exercise, Waist Circumference
Puni tekst: 
PDF
Reference: 

Alfrey, L. (2023). An expansive learning approach to transforming traditional fi tness testing in health and physical education: student voice,
feelings and hopes. Curriculum Studies in Health and Physical Education, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/25742981.2023.2183477
Amato, M. C., Guarnotta, V., & Giordano, C. (2013). Body composition assessment for the defi nition of cardiometabolic risk. Journal of Endocrinological
Investigation, 36(7), 537–543. https://doi.org/10.3275/8943
Ashwell, M., & Gibson, S. (2016). Waist-to-height ratio as an indicator of ‘early health risk’: simpler and more predictive than using a ‘matrix’
based on BMI and waist circumference. BMJ Open, 6(3), e010159. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010159
Bhatti, R., Warshow, U., Joumaa, M., ElSaban, M., Nawaz, F. A., & Khamis, A. H. (2021). Relevance of Anthropometric Measurements in a Multiethnic
Obesity Cohort: Observational Study. Interactive Journal of Medical Research, 10(2), e27784. https://doi.org/10.2196/27784
Cale, L., Harris, J., & Chen, M. H. (2014). Monitoring health, activity and fi tness in physical education: its current and future state of health.
Sport, Education and Society, 19(4), 376–397. https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2012.681298
Chaabna, K., Mamtani, R., Abraham, A., Maisonneuve, P., Lowenfels, A. B., & Cheema, S. (2022). Physical Activity and Its Barriers and Facilitators
among University Students in Qatar: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public
Chen, Y., Liu, X., Yan, N., Jia, W., Fan, Y., Yan, H., Ma, L., & Ma, L. (2020). Higher Academic Stress Was Associated with Increased Risk
of Overweight and Obesity among College Students in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,
D’Amuri, A., Sanz, J. M., Capatti, E., Di Vece, F., Vaccari, F., Lazzer, S., Zuliani, G., Dalla Nora, E., & Passaro, A. (2021). Eff ectiveness of
high-intensity interval training for weight loss in adults with obesity: a randomised controlled non-inferiority trial. BMJ Open Sport &
Exercise Medicine, 7(3), e001021. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2020-001021
Domaradzki, J., Cichy, I., Rokita, A., & Popowczak, M. (2020). Eff ects of Tabata Training During Physical Education Classes on Body Composition,
Aerobic Capacity, and Anaerobic Performance of Under-, Normal- and Overweight Adolescents. International Journal of
Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(3), 876. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030876
Domaradzki, J., Rokita, A., Koźlenia, D., & Popowczak, M. (2021). Optimal Values of Body Composition for the Lowest Risk of Failure in Tabata
Training’s Eff ects in Adolescents: A Pilot Study. BioMed Research International, 2021, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6675416
Ekström, A., Östenberg, A. H., Björklund, G., & Alricsson, M. (2019). The eff ects of introducing Tabata interval training and stability exercises
to school children as a school-based intervention program. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, 31(4), 1–11.
Emberts, T., Porcari, J., Dobers-Tein, S., Steff en, J., & Foster, C. (2013). Exercise intensity and energy expenditure of a tabata workout. Journal
of Sports Science & Medicine, 12(3), 612–613. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24137082
Espinoza Silva, J. M., Latorre Román, P. Á., Cabrera Linares, J. C., Párraga Montilla, J. A., & Martínez Salazar, C. (2023). Eff ects of a High
Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) Program on Anthropomorphic and Cardiometabolic Variables in School Children with Overweight
and Obesity. Children, 10(2), 317. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10020317
Etikan, I. (2016). Comparison of Convenience Sampling and Purposive Sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics,
Ferreira-Hermosillo, A., Ramírez-Rentería, C., Mendoza-Zubieta, V., & Molina-Ayala, M. A. (2014). Utility of the waist-to-height ratio, waist
circumference and body mass index in the screening of metabolic syndrome in adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Diabetology
& Metabolic Syndrome, 6(1), 32. https://doi.org/10.1186/1758-5996-6-32
Ferreira Silva, R. M., Mendonça, C. R., Azevedo, V. D., Raoof Memon, A., Noll, P. R. E. S., & Noll, M. (2022). Barriers to high school and university
students’ physical activity: A systematic review. PLOS ONE, 17(4), e0265913. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265913
Gani, R. A., Setiawan, E., Achmad, I. Z., Aminudin, R., Purbangkara, T., & Hofmeister, M. (2023). Virtual reality-based tabata training: a professional
method for changing levels physical fi tness and psychological well-being on student-athletes. Pedagogy of Physical Culture
and Sports, 27(2), 91–101. https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0201
Golia, N., Krishan, K., & Kashyap, J. R. (2020). Assessment of Obesity by Using Various Anthropometric Measurements among Patients with
Coronary Heart Disease Residing in North India. Cureus, 12(5), e7948. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.7948
José De Menezes-Junior, F., Correa De Jesus, Í., Ferreira, V. L., Wiens, A., Mota, J., & Leite1, N. (2020). Eff ect of Diff erent Interval Training
Protocols on Adiposity Indicators in Overweight-Obese Children and Adolescents: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J. Phys.
Juránková, M., Bílý, J., & Hrazdíra, E. (2015). Eff ects of high-intensity strength interval training program on body composition. Journal of
Human Sport and Exercise, 10(Proc1), 4–6. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2015.10.Proc1.20
Kahan, D., & McKenzie, T. L. (2015). The Potential and Reality of Physical Education in Controlling Overweight and Obesity. American
Journal of Public Health, 105(4), 653–659. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2014.302355
Kljajević, V., Stanković, M., Đorđević, D., Trkulja-Petković, D., Jovanović, R., Plazibat, K., Oršolić, M., Čurić, M., & Sporiš, G. (2021). Physical
Activity and Physical Fitness among University Students—A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research
and Public Health, 19(1), 158. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010158
Lee, K.-J., Noh, B., & An, K.-O. (2021). Impact of Synchronous Online Physical Education Classes Using Tabata Training on Adolescents during
COVID-19: A Randomized Controlled Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(19), 10305.
Li, Z., Liu, Y., Han, X., & Zhou, Z. (2023). Eff ects of running-based versus body-weight-based high-intensity interval training on physical
fi tness in healthy adolescents. Frontiers in Physiology, 14(March), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1060216
Lopez-Jimenez, F., Almahmeed, W., Bays, H., Cuevas, A., Di Angelantonio, E., le Roux, C. W., Sattar, N., Sun, M. C., Wittert, G., Pinto, F. J.,
& Wilding, J. P. H. (2022). Obesity and cardiovascular disease: mechanistic insights and management strategies. A joint position paper
by the World Heart Federation and World Obesity Federation. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 29(17), 2218–2237. https://
doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwac187
Lu, Y., Wiltshire, H. D., Baker, J. S., Wang, Q., & Ying, S. (2023). The eff ect of Tabata-style functional high-intensity interval training on
cardiometabolic health and physical activity in female university students. Frontiers in Physiology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.
2023.1095315
McKenzie, T. L., & Lounsbery, M. A. F. (2014). The Pill Not Taken: Revisiting Physical Education Teacher Eff ectiveness in a Public Health
Context. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 85(3), 287–292. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2014.931203
Meldrum, D. R., Morris, M. A., & Gambone, J. C. (2017). Obesity pandemic: causes, consequences, and solutions—but do we have the will?
Fertility and Sterility, 107(4), 833–839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.02.104
Memon, A. R., Gupta, C. C., Crowther, M. E., Ferguson, S. A., Tuckwell, G. A., & Vincent, G. E. (2021). Sleep and physical activity in university
students: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 58, 101482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101482
Meng, C., Yucheng, T., Shu, L., & Yu, Z. (2022). Eff ects of school-based high-intensity interval training on body composition, cardiorespiratory
fi tness and cardiometabolic markers in adolescent boys with obesity: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Pediatrics, 22(1), 112. https://
doi.org/10.1186/s12887-021-03079-z
Miller, C. J., Smith, S. N., & Pugatch, M. (2020). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs in implementation research. Psychiatry Research,
Nuttall, F. Q. (2015). Body Mass Index. Nutrition Today, 50(3), 117–128. https://doi.org/10.1097/NT.0000000000000092
Ouerghi, N., Fradj, M. K. Ben, Bezrati, I., Khammassi, M., Feki, M., Kaabachi, N., & Bouassida, A. (2017). Eff ects of high-intensity interval
training on body composition, aerobic and anaerobic performance and plasma lipids in overweight/obese and normal-weight young
men. Biology of Sport, 34(4), 385–392. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2017.69827
Piché, M.-E., Tchernof, A., & Després, J.-P. (2020). Obesity Phenotypes, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Diseases. Circulation Research,
Popowczak, M., Rokita, A., & Domaradzki, J. (2022). Eff ects of tabata training on health-related fi tness components among secondary school
students. Kinesiology, 54(2), 221–229. https://doi.org/10.26582/k.54.2.2
Popowczak, M., Rokita, A., Koźlenia, D., & Domaradzki, J. (2022). The high-intensity interval training introduced in physical education lessons
decrease systole in high blood pressure adolescents. Scientifi c Reports, 12(1), 1974. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-06017-w
Prevandos, F. G., & Martin, J. T. (2022). Development and Validation of Module in Physical Education 4: Team Sports. International Journal
of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 10(6), 1327–1336. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2022.100624
Quennerstedt, M., Barker, D., Johansson, A., & Korp, P. (2021). The relation between teaching physical education and discourses on body
weight – an integrative review of research. Curriculum Studies in Health and Physical Education, 12(3), 287–305. https://doi.org/10.
1080/25742981.2021.1894407
Quiliche Castañeda, R. B., Turpo-Chaparro, J., Torres, J. H., Saintila, J., & Ruiz Mamani, P. G. (2021). Overweight and Obesity, Body Fat,
Waist Circumference, and Anemia in Peruvian University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism,
Ross, A., & Willson, V. L. (2017). Paired Samples T-Test. In Basic and Advanced Statistical Tests (pp. 17–19). SensePublishers. https://doi.
org/10.1007/978-94-6351-086-8_4
Saetang, S., & Silalertdetkul, S. (2021). Comparison of the Eff ects of High-Intensity Interval Training with Abdominal Training and High-Intensity
Interval Training on Body Fat in Overweight Women. Journal of Sports Science and Technology, 21(1), 79–91.
Shah, D., & Sachdev, H. P. . (2011). Measuring undernutrition and overnutrition in children. In Public health in developing countries (pp.
108–150). Woodhead Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1533/9780857093905.108
Shah, N., & Purohit, A. (2020). Eff ect of Tabata Training for Weight Loss in Overweight Middle Age Female of Ahmedabad City: An Experimental
Study. International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research, 5(December), 281–284. www.ijshr.com
Tabata, I. (2019). Tabata training: one of the most energetically eff ective high-intensity intermittent training methods. The Journal of Physiological
Sciences, 69(4), 559–572. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12576-019-00676-7
Taieb, A. Ben, Roberts, E., Luckevich, M., Larsen, S., le Roux, C. W., de Freitas, P. G., & Wolfert, D. (2022). Understanding the risk of developing
weight-related complications associated with diff erent body mass index categories: a systematic review. Diabetology & Metabolic
Tanucan, J. C. M., Garcia, M. A., & Bojos, M. T. (2022). Housework-based exercise versus conventional exercise on health-related fi tness of
adolescent learners. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 26(6), 364–373. https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2022.0602
Taufi kkurrachman, T., Wardhati, A., Rusdiawan, A., & Sari, R. (2020). The Eff ect of Cardio and Tabata Exercises on Decreasing Body Fat,
Weight and Increasing Physical Fitness. Proceedings of the 5th International Seminar of Public Health and Education, ISPHE 2020,
22 July 2020, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.22-7-2020.2300320
Thompson, W. R. (2023). Worldwide Survey of Fitness Trends for 2023. ACSM’S Health & Fitness Journal, 27(1), 9–18. https://doi.
org/10.1249/FIT.0000000000000834
Tran, N. T. T., Blizzard, C. L., Luong, K. N., Truong, N. L. Van, Tran, B. Q., Otahal, P., Nelson, M., Magnussen, C., Gall, S., Bui, T. Van,
Srikanth, V., Au, T. B., Ha, S. T., Phung, H. N., Tran, M. H., & Callisaya, M. (2018). The importance of waist circumference and body
mass index in cross-sectional relationships with risk of cardiovascular disease in Vietnam. PLOS ONE, 13(5), e0198202. https://doi.
org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198202
Weston, K. S., Wisløff , U., & Coombes, J. S. (2014). High-intensity interval training in patients with lifestyle-induced cardiometabolic disease:
a systematic review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 48(16), 1227–1234. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-
2013-092576
Winpenny, E. M., van Sluijs, E. M. F., White, M., Klepp, K.-I., Wold, B., & Lien, N. (2018). Changes in diet through adolescence and early
adulthood: longitudinal trajectories and association with key life transitions. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical
Wyszyńska, J., Ring-Dimitriou, S., Thivel, D., Weghuber, D., Hadjipanayis, A., Grossman, Z., Ross-Russell, R., Dereń, K., & Mazur, A.
(2020). Physical Activity in the Prevention of Childhood Obesity: The Position of the European Childhood Obesity Group and the
European Academy of Pediatrics. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 8(November), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2020.535705
Yoo, E.-G. (2016). Waist-to-height ratio as a screening tool for obesity and cardiometabolic risk. Korean Journal of Pediatrics, 59(11), 425.